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Course Cheat Sheets

Basic Computer & Office Automation

Quick Reference Guide

Computer Basics

  • CPU: Central Processing Unit - Brain of computer
  • RAM: Random Access Memory - Temporary storage
  • HDD/SSD: Hard Disk/Solid State Drive - Permanent storage
  • OS: Operating System - Windows, Linux, macOS
  • GUI: Graphical User Interface
  • Input/Output Devices
  • Motherboard: Main circuit board
  • Power Supply Unit (PSU)
  • Graphics Card (GPU)
  • Network Interface Card (NIC)
  • BIOS/UEFI: Basic Input/Output System
  • Ports: USB, HDMI, VGA, Ethernet

MS Word Shortcuts

  • Ctrl + N: New document
  • Ctrl + O: Open document
  • Ctrl + S: Save document
  • Ctrl + P: Print document
  • Ctrl + A: Select all
  • Ctrl + X: Cut text
  • Ctrl + C: Copy text
  • Ctrl + V: Paste text
  • Ctrl + Z: Undo
  • Ctrl + Y: Redo
  • Ctrl + B: Bold text
  • Ctrl + I: Italic text
  • Ctrl + U: Underline text
  • Ctrl + L: Left align
  • Ctrl + E: Center align
  • Ctrl + R: Right align
  • Ctrl + J: Justify text
  • Ctrl + 1: Single line spacing
  • Ctrl + 2: Double line spacing
  • Ctrl + 5: 1.5 line spacing

MS Excel Formulas

  • =SUM(range): Add numbers
  • =AVERAGE(range): Calculate average
  • =COUNT(range): Count numbers
  • =MAX(range): Find highest value
  • =MIN(range): Find lowest value
  • =IF(condition,true,false): Conditional logic
  • =VLOOKUP(value,range,col,exact): Vertical lookup
  • =CONCATENATE(text1,text2): Join text
  • =COUNTIF(range,criteria): Count with condition
  • =SUMIF(range,criteria,sum_range): Sum with condition
  • =LEFT(text,num_chars): Extract left characters
  • =RIGHT(text,num_chars): Extract right characters
  • =MID(text,start,num_chars): Extract middle characters
  • =PROPER(text): Capitalize first letter
  • =TRIM(text): Remove extra spaces
  • =ROUND(number,num_digits): Round number
  • =DATE(year,month,day): Create date
  • =NOW(): Current date and time
  • =TODAY(): Current date
  • =NETWORKDAYS(start_date,end_date): Working days

PowerPoint Tips

  • F5: Start presentation
  • Shift + F5: Start from current slide
  • Ctrl + M: New slide
  • Alt + Shift + ↑/↓: Move slide up/down
  • Ctrl + D: Duplicate slide
  • Ctrl + K: Insert hyperlink
  • Ctrl + Shift + N: New slide with same layout
  • Ctrl + Shift + M: Insert comment
  • Ctrl + Shift + F: Change font
  • Ctrl + Shift + >: Increase font size
  • Ctrl + Shift + <: Decrease font size
  • Ctrl + Shift + C: Copy formatting
  • Ctrl + Shift + V: Paste formatting
  • Alt + H: Home tab
  • Alt + N: Insert tab
  • Alt + G: Design tab
  • Alt + A: Animations tab
  • Alt + S: Slide Show tab
  • Alt + R: Review tab

Windows Shortcuts

  • Windows + D: Show desktop
  • Windows + E: Open File Explorer
  • Windows + R: Run dialog
  • Windows + L: Lock computer
  • Windows + Tab: Task view
  • Windows + I: Settings
  • Windows + X: Quick link menu
  • Windows + S: Search
  • Windows + PrtScn: Screenshot
  • Windows + Shift + S: Snipping tool
  • Windows + V: Clipboard history
  • Windows + .: Emoji panel
  • Windows + K: Connect devices
  • Windows + H: Dictation
  • Windows + P: Project screen
  • Windows + Number: Open taskbar item
  • Windows + Arrow keys: Snap windows
  • Windows + Shift + Arrow: Move window
  • Windows + Ctrl + D: New virtual desktop
  • Windows + Ctrl + F4: Close virtual desktop

File Management

  • File Types & Extensions
  • File Organization Methods
  • File Compression (ZIP/RAR)
  • File Backup Strategies
  • Cloud Storage Options
  • File Sharing Methods
  • File Permissions
  • File Recovery Tools
  • Disk Management
  • File System Types (NTFS, FAT32)
  • File Naming Conventions
  • File Search Techniques
  • File Synchronization
  • File Version Control
  • File Security Best Practices

Tally Prime with GST

Accounting & GST

Basic Navigation

  • F1: Select Company
  • F2: Date Change
  • F3: Company Info
  • F4: Contra Voucher
  • F5: Payment Voucher
  • F6: Receipt Voucher
  • F7: Journal Voucher
  • F8: Sales Voucher
  • F9: Purchase Voucher
  • F10: Reversing Journal

GST Features

  • Alt + G: GST Reports
  • Alt + R: GST Returns
  • Alt + E: E-Way Bill
  • Alt + I: Input Tax Credit
  • Ctrl + V: GST Voucher Mode
  • F11: GST Features/Setup
  • F12: GST Configure
  • Alt + S: GST Stock Items

Reports & Display

  • Alt + F1: Detailed Report
  • Alt + F2: MIS Reports
  • Alt + F3: Statistics
  • Alt + F4: Stock Reports
  • Alt + F5: Bank Reports
  • Alt + F6: Cash/Bank Books
  • Alt + F7: Account Books
  • Alt + F9: Inventory Books

Common Operations

  • Ctrl + A: Accept Entry
  • Ctrl + X: Cancel Entry
  • Alt + C: Create Master
  • Alt + D: Delete Voucher
  • Alt + M: Email
  • Alt + P: Print
  • Alt + S: Stock Item
  • Alt + L: Select Ledger

'O' Level Programming

Programming & Development

Semester 1: IT Tools & Business Systems

  • Computer Fundamentals:
    • Hardware Components
    • Software Types
    • Operating Systems
    • File Management
  • Office Automation:
    • MS Word
    • MS Excel
    • MS PowerPoint
    • MS Access
  • Internet & Web:
    • Web Browsers
    • Email Management
    • Search Engines
    • Online Services
  • Business Systems:
    • E-commerce
    • Digital Payments
    • Online Banking
    • Cloud Services

Semester 2: Web Technology & Programming

  • HTML5 & CSS3:
    • Document Structure
    • Forms & Tables
    • Styling & Layout
    • Responsive Design
  • JavaScript:
    • Variables & Data Types
    • Functions & Events
    • DOM Manipulation
    • AJAX & APIs
  • PHP Programming:
    • Basic Syntax
    • Forms & Validation
    • Database Connection
    • Session Management
  • MySQL Database:
    • Database Design
    • SQL Queries
    • Tables & Relations
    • Data Management

Semester 3: Programming & Problem Solving

  • C Programming:
    • Data Types & Variables
    • Control Structures
    • Functions & Arrays
    • Pointers & Structures
  • Data Structures:
    • Arrays & Strings
    • Linked Lists
    • Stacks & Queues
    • Trees & Graphs
  • Algorithms:
    • Sorting Techniques
    • Searching Methods
    • Problem Solving
    • Complexity Analysis
  • Object-Oriented Programming:
    • Classes & Objects
    • Inheritance
    • Polymorphism
    • Encapsulation

Semester 4: Application Development

  • Java Programming:
    • Core Java Concepts
    • Exception Handling
    • File I/O
    • Multithreading
  • Web Frameworks:
    • React.js Basics
    • Node.js Fundamentals
    • Express.js
    • MongoDB
  • Mobile Development:
    • Android Basics
    • UI Components
    • Data Storage
    • App Deployment
  • Project Management:
    • SDLC Models
    • Version Control (Git)
    • Testing Methods
    • Documentation

DBMS (MySQL)

Database Management

Basic SQL Commands

  • CREATE DATABASE dbname;
  • USE dbname;
  • CREATE TABLE tablename;
  • INSERT INTO table VALUES;
  • SELECT * FROM table;
  • UPDATE table SET column=value;
  • DELETE FROM table;
  • DROP TABLE/DATABASE;

Advanced Queries

  • JOIN: INNER, LEFT, RIGHT
  • GROUP BY & HAVING
  • Subqueries & Nested Queries
  • Aggregate Functions
  • Views & Stored Procedures
  • Triggers & Events
  • Transactions & ACID
  • Indexing & Optimization

Database Design

  • ER Diagrams & Relationships
  • Normalization (1NF to BCNF)
  • Primary & Foreign Keys
  • Constraints: UNIQUE, CHECK
  • Data Types & Storage
  • Schema Design Patterns
  • Performance Tuning
  • Backup & Recovery

Administration

  • User Management & Privileges
  • Backup: mysqldump
  • Restore: mysql -u root -p
  • Security Best Practices
  • Performance Monitoring
  • Log Management
  • Replication Setup
  • Troubleshooting

Web Designing

Frontend Development

HTML5 Essentials

  • Document Structure: DOCTYPE, html, head, body
  • Text Elements: h1-h6, p, span, div
  • Links & Images: a, img, figure
  • Lists: ul, ol, li, dl
  • Tables: table, tr, td, th
  • Forms: form, input, select, textarea
  • Semantic Elements: header, nav, main
  • Media: audio, video, canvas

CSS3 Styling

  • Selectors: class, id, attribute
  • Box Model: margin, padding, border
  • Display: block, inline, flex, grid
  • Position: relative, absolute, fixed
  • Colors & Backgrounds
  • Typography & Fonts
  • Transitions & Animations
  • Media Queries & Responsive

JavaScript Basics

  • Variables & Data Types
  • Functions & Events
  • DOM Manipulation
  • Conditionals & Loops
  • Arrays & Objects
  • Event Handling
  • AJAX & Fetch API
  • ES6+ Features

Design Principles

  • Color Theory & Schemes
  • Typography Rules
  • Layout & Composition
  • Responsive Design
  • UI/UX Best Practices
  • Accessibility Guidelines
  • Performance Optimization
  • Cross-browser Compatibility

Web Development using Python

Django Framework

Django Basics

  • django-admin startproject projectname
  • python manage.py startapp appname
  • python manage.py runserver
  • python manage.py makemigrations
  • python manage.py migrate
  • python manage.py createsuperuser
  • python manage.py shell
  • python manage.py collectstatic

Models & ORM

  • Model Fields: CharField, IntegerField
  • Relationships: ForeignKey, ManyToMany
  • QuerySet Methods: filter(), exclude()
  • Aggregation: Count, Sum, Avg
  • Model Methods & Properties
  • Model Forms & Validation
  • Database Migrations
  • Admin Site Customization

Views & URLs

  • Function-Based Views
  • Class-Based Views
  • URL Patterns & Routing
  • Template Rendering
  • Form Processing
  • Authentication Views
  • Middleware Usage
  • API Views & Serializers

Templates & Forms

  • Template Tags: {% if %}, {% for %}
  • Template Filters: |date, |length
  • Template Inheritance
  • Form Rendering & Validation
  • CSRF Protection
  • File Uploads
  • Custom Template Tags
  • Context Processors

React E-commerce Development

Modern Web Development

React Fundamentals

  • Components: Class & Functional
  • Props & State Management
  • Hooks: useState, useEffect
  • Context API & useContext
  • React Router Navigation
  • Event Handling
  • Forms & Validation
  • Error Boundaries

State Management

  • Redux Store Setup
  • Actions & Reducers
  • Redux Toolkit Usage
  • Async Actions (Thunk)
  • Redux Persist
  • Redux DevTools
  • Selectors & Reselect
  • State Normalization

E-commerce Features

  • Product Catalog & Filtering
  • Shopping Cart Management
  • User Authentication
  • Payment Integration
  • Order Processing
  • Wishlist & Reviews
  • Admin Dashboard
  • Inventory Management

Performance & Deployment

  • Code Splitting & Lazy Loading
  • Memoization & useMemo
  • Bundle Optimization
  • Image Optimization
  • SEO Best Practices
  • Testing: Jest & RTL
  • CI/CD Pipeline
  • AWS/Firebase Deployment

Graphic Designing

Creative Design

Photoshop Shortcuts

  • Ctrl + J: Duplicate Layer
  • Ctrl + T: Free Transform
  • Ctrl + D: Deselect
  • Ctrl + Alt + I: Image Size
  • V: Move Tool
  • M: Marquee Tool

Illustrator Tools

  • P: Pen Tool
  • A: Direct Selection
  • T: Type Tool
  • R: Rectangle Tool
  • O: Artboard Tool
  • G: Gradient Tool

Design Principles

  • Balance & Alignment
  • Contrast & Hierarchy
  • Color Theory
  • Typography Rules
  • White Space Usage
  • Grid Systems

File Formats

  • PSD: Photoshop Files
  • AI: Illustrator Files
  • PNG: Transparent Images
  • JPG: Compressed Images
  • SVG: Vector Graphics
  • PDF: Print Ready

Digital Marketing

Online Marketing

SEO Fundamentals

  • Keyword Research Tools
  • On-Page Optimization
  • Off-Page SEO Techniques
  • Technical SEO Checklist
  • Content Strategy
  • Link Building Methods
  • Local SEO Optimization
  • Mobile SEO Best Practices

Social Media Marketing

  • Platform-specific Strategies
  • Content Calendar Planning
  • Engagement Techniques
  • Paid Social Advertising
  • Analytics & Reporting
  • Community Management
  • Influencer Marketing
  • Crisis Management

Google Ads & PPC

  • Campaign Structure
  • Keyword Match Types
  • Ad Copy Writing
  • Bidding Strategies
  • Quality Score Optimization
  • Display Network Ads
  • Remarketing Campaigns
  • Conversion Tracking

Analytics & Tools

  • Google Analytics Setup
  • Conversion Tracking
  • A/B Testing Methods
  • ROI Calculation
  • Email Marketing Metrics
  • Social Media Analytics
  • SEO Tools & Software
  • Performance Reporting

Ethical Hacking

Security Testing

Information Gathering

  • Nmap: Network scanning
  • Whois: Domain information
  • Maltego: OSINT gathering
  • Shodan: IoT device search
  • theHarvester: Email harvesting
  • Recon-ng: Web reconnaissance
  • DNSrecon: DNS enumeration
  • Social Engineering Toolkit

Vulnerability Assessment

  • Nessus: Vulnerability scanner
  • OpenVAS: Security assessment
  • Burp Suite: Web app testing
  • OWASP ZAP: Security testing
  • Acunetix: Web scanning
  • Nikto: Web server scanner
  • SQLmap: SQL injection
  • WPScan: WordPress security

Exploitation Tools

  • Metasploit Framework
  • Hydra: Password cracking
  • John the Ripper: Hash cracking
  • Aircrack-ng: WiFi security
  • BeEF: Browser exploitation
  • Empire: Post-exploitation
  • Wireshark: Packet analysis
  • Hashcat: Password recovery

Post Exploitation

  • Privilege Escalation
  • Maintaining Access
  • Data Exfiltration
  • Covering Tracks
  • Persistence Mechanisms
  • Network Pivoting
  • Evidence Collection
  • Report Generation

Cyber Security

Security Management

Security Fundamentals

  • CIA Triad Principles
  • Risk Assessment Methods
  • Security Controls Types
  • Authentication Factors
  • Access Control Models
  • Cryptography Basics
  • Security Frameworks
  • Threat Intelligence

Network Security

  • Firewall Configuration
  • IDS/IPS Implementation
  • VPN Setup & Management
  • Network Monitoring Tools
  • SSL/TLS Security
  • DMZ Architecture
  • Network Segmentation
  • Zero Trust Security

Incident Response

  • Incident Detection
  • Containment Procedures
  • Evidence Collection
  • Malware Analysis
  • Forensic Investigation
  • Recovery Planning
  • Documentation Process
  • Lessons Learned

Compliance & Standards

  • ISO 27001 Framework
  • GDPR Requirements
  • PCI DSS Standards
  • HIPAA Compliance
  • SOX Requirements
  • Audit Procedures
  • Security Policies
  • Risk Management

Course on Computer Concepts (CCC)

Digital Literacy

Computer Fundamentals

  • Hardware Components:
    • CPU: Central Processing Unit
    • RAM: Random Access Memory
    • Storage: HDD, SSD
    • Input Devices: Keyboard, Mouse
    • Output Devices: Monitor, Printer
  • Software Types:
    • System Software: OS, Drivers
    • Application Software: MS Office
    • Utility Software: Antivirus
  • Operating Systems:
    • Windows: Latest versions
    • Linux: Ubuntu, Fedora
    • macOS: Apple OS
  • File Management:
    • Create, Copy, Move, Delete
    • File Extensions & Types
    • File Organization

Internet & Web

  • Web Browsers:
    • Chrome, Firefox, Edge
    • Bookmarks & History
    • Private Browsing
  • Search Engines:
    • Google Search Tips
    • Advanced Search Operators
    • Image & News Search
  • Email Management:
    • Gmail Features
    • Email Etiquette
    • Spam & Security
  • Online Safety:
    • Password Management
    • Privacy Settings
    • Phishing Awareness

Digital Services

  • Government Services:
    • DigiLocker
    • UMANG App
    • IRCTC
  • Banking Services:
    • Net Banking
    • UPI Payments
    • Digital Wallets
  • E-commerce:
    • Online Shopping
    • Payment Methods
    • Order Tracking
  • Social Media:
    • Facebook, Instagram
    • WhatsApp, Telegram
    • LinkedIn, Twitter

Office Tools

  • MS Word:
    • Basic Formatting
    • Tables & Lists
    • Page Setup
  • MS Excel:
    • Basic Formulas
    • Charts & Graphs
    • Data Filtering
  • PowerPoint:
    • Slide Creation
    • Animations
    • Presentation Tips
  • File Management:
    • Save & Backup
    • File Sharing
    • Cloud Storage

Computer Security

  • Basic Security:
    • Antivirus Software
    • Firewall Settings
    • Windows Updates
  • Data Protection:
    • Backup Methods
    • Data Encryption
    • Secure Deletion
  • Online Safety:
    • Safe Browsing
    • Social Media Privacy
    • Online Scams

Digital Literacy Skills

  • Information Literacy:
    • Fact Checking
    • Source Evaluation
    • Digital Footprint
  • Communication Skills:
    • Email Writing
    • Online Etiquette
    • Digital Collaboration
  • Problem Solving:
    • Basic Troubleshooting
    • Error Messages
    • Help Resources

'O' Level Programming

Programming & Development

Semester 1: IT Tools & Business Systems

  • Computer Fundamentals:
    • Hardware Components
    • Software Types
    • Operating Systems
    • File Management
  • Office Automation:
    • MS Word
    • MS Excel
    • MS PowerPoint
    • MS Access
  • Internet & Web:
    • Web Browsers
    • Email Management
    • Search Engines
    • Online Services
  • Business Systems:
    • E-commerce
    • Digital Payments
    • Online Banking
    • Cloud Services

Semester 2: Web Technology & Programming

  • HTML5 & CSS3:
    • Document Structure
    • Forms & Tables
    • Styling & Layout
    • Responsive Design
  • JavaScript:
    • Variables & Data Types
    • Functions & Events
    • DOM Manipulation
    • AJAX & APIs
  • PHP Programming:
    • Basic Syntax
    • Forms & Validation
    • Database Connection
    • Session Management
  • MySQL Database:
    • Database Design
    • SQL Queries
    • Tables & Relations
    • Data Management

Semester 3: Programming & Problem Solving

  • C Programming:
    • Data Types & Variables
    • Control Structures
    • Functions & Arrays
    • Pointers & Structures
  • Data Structures:
    • Arrays & Strings
    • Linked Lists
    • Stacks & Queues
    • Trees & Graphs
  • Algorithms:
    • Sorting Techniques
    • Searching Methods
    • Problem Solving
    • Complexity Analysis
  • Object-Oriented Programming:
    • Classes & Objects
    • Inheritance
    • Polymorphism
    • Encapsulation

Semester 4: Application Development

  • Java Programming:
    • Core Java Concepts
    • Exception Handling
    • File I/O
    • Multithreading
  • Web Frameworks:
    • React.js Basics
    • Node.js Fundamentals
    • Express.js
    • MongoDB
  • Mobile Development:
    • Android Basics
    • UI Components
    • Data Storage
    • App Deployment
  • Project Management:
    • SDLC Models
    • Version Control (Git)
    • Testing Methods
    • Documentation

Graphic Design

Visual Communication

Adobe Photoshop

  • Ctrl+N: New Document
  • Ctrl+S: Save
  • Ctrl+Z: Undo
  • V: Move Tool
  • M: Marquee Tools
  • L: Lasso Tools
  • B: Brush Tool
  • E: Eraser Tool
  • T: Type Tool
  • C: Crop Tool

Adobe Illustrator

  • P: Pen Tool
  • A: Direct Selection
  • V: Selection Tool
  • M: Rectangle Tool
  • L: Ellipse Tool
  • W: Blend Tool
  • R: Rotate Tool
  • S: Scale Tool
  • T: Type Tool
  • G: Gradient Tool

Design Principles

  • Balance & Alignment
  • Contrast & Hierarchy
  • Repetition & Pattern
  • Color Theory & Palettes
  • Typography & Fonts
  • Space & Composition
  • Grid Systems
  • Visual Hierarchy
  • Unity & Harmony
  • Gestalt Principles

File Formats

  • PSD: Photoshop Files
  • AI: Illustrator Files
  • PDF: Portable Documents
  • JPG: Compressed Images
  • PNG: Transparent Images
  • SVG: Scalable Vector
  • EPS: Vector Format
  • TIFF: Print Quality
  • GIF: Animated Images
  • RAW: Camera Files